Hacktricks-skills kiosk-escape

Techniques for escaping restricted kiosk, locked-down, or single-application environments on Windows, iPad, and browsers. Use this skill whenever the user mentions kiosk mode, locked-down devices, restricted desktops, Citrix/RDS/VDI environments, single-app mode, or needs to break out of a GUI application to access the underlying OS. Also use when the user asks about physical device access, keyboard shortcuts for escape, or bypassing application restrictions.

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Kiosk Escape Techniques

This skill provides techniques for breaking out of restricted environments like kiosks, locked-down workstations, Citrix/RDS/VDI sessions, and single-application modes.

Physical Layer Checks

Start here if you have physical access to the device:

ComponentAction
Power buttonTurn device off/on to potentially expose the start screen
Power cableBriefly cut power to check if device reboots to a different state
USB portsConnect a physical keyboard for additional shortcuts
EthernetNetwork scan or sniffing may enable further exploitation

GUI Application Layer

Common Dialog Exploitation

Many applications offer dialogs that provide full Explorer functionality. Look for:

  • Close/Close as
  • Open/Open with
  • Print
  • Export/Import
  • Search
  • Scan

What to try in these dialogs:

  • Modify or create new files
  • Create symbolic links
  • Access restricted areas
  • Execute other applications

Command Execution via "Open With"

Use "Open with" to launch shells:

Windows binaries:

  • cmd.exe
    ,
    command.com
  • Powershell
    ,
    Powershell ISE
  • mmc.exe
    ,
    at.exe
    ,
    taskschd.msc
  • See LOLBAS Project for more

*NIX shells:


Windows Techniques

Bypassing Path Restrictions

Environment variables - These point to accessible paths:

VariableDescription
%ALLUSERSPROFILE%
All users profile directory
%APPDATA%
Current user's application data
%TEMP%
,
%TMP%
Temporary files directory
%USERPROFILE%
Current user's profile
%SYSTEMROOT%
,
%WINDIR%
Windows directory
%PROGRAMFILES%
Program files directory
%COMPUTERNAME%
Computer name
%COMSPEC%
Command interpreter path

Other protocols to try:

  • about:
    ,
    data:
    ,
    ftp:
    ,
    file:
    ,
    mailto:
    ,
    news:
    ,
    res:
    ,
    telnet:
    ,
    view-source:

Symbolic links - Create links to restricted areas

UNC paths - Connect to shared folders:

  • \\127.0.0.1\c$\Windows\System32
    (local C$ share)

Shell URIs

Type these in address bars or file dialogs:

shell:Administrative Tools
shell:DocumentsLibrary
shell:Libraries
shell:UserProfiles
shell:Personal
shell:SearchHomeFolder
shell:System
shell:NetworkPlacesFolder
shell:SendTo
shell:Common Administrative Tools
shell:MyComputerFolder
shell:InternetFolder
shell:ControlPanelFolder
shell:Windows
shell:ProgramFiles
shell:Profile

GUID-based shell URIs:

shell:::{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}  → Control Panel
shell:::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}  → My Computer
shell:::{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-08002B30309D}  → My Network Places
shell:::{871C5380-42A0-1069-A2EA-08002B30309D}  → Internet Explorer

Keyboard Shortcuts

ShortcutAction
CTRL+N
Open new session
CTRL+R
Execute commands
CTRL+SHIFT+ESC
Task Manager
Windows+E
Open Explorer
Windows+R
Run dialog
Windows+D
Show desktop
Windows+F1
Windows Search
Windows+U
Ease of Access Centre
SHIFT+F10
Context menu
CTRL+ALT+DEL
Security screen
CTRL+ALT+F8
Hidden admin menu (RDP)
CTRL+ESC+F9
Hidden admin menu (RDP)
F11
Toggle fullscreen (IE)
CTRL+H
History
CTRL+O
Open file dialog
CTRL+S
Save dialog

Accessibility Shortcuts

ShortcutAction
SHIFT
×5
Sticky Keys
SHIFT+ALT+NUMLOCK
Mouse Keys
SHIFT+ALT+PRINTSCN
High Contrast
NUMLOCK
(hold 5s)
Toggle Keys
Right SHIFT
(hold 12s)
Filter Keys

Restricted Desktop Breakouts (Citrix/RDS/VDI)

Dialog-box pivoting:

  • Use Open/Save/Print dialogs as Explorer-lite
  • Try
    *.*
    or
    *.exe
    in filename fields
  • Right-click folders → "Open in new window"
  • Use Properties → "Open file location"

Create execution paths:

  • Create
    .CMD
    or
    .BAT
    files
  • Create shortcuts pointing to
    %WINDIR%\System32\cmd.exe
  • Drag-and-drop files onto
    cmd.exe
    to launch a prompt

Task Scheduler bypass:

  • If interactive shells are blocked but scheduling is allowed:
  • Use
    taskschd.msc
    or
    schtasks.exe
    to create a task running
    cmd.exe

Weak allowlists:

  • If execution allowed by filename/extension: rename payload to permitted name
  • If allowed by directory: copy payload into allowed program folder

Find writable staging paths:

echo %TEMP%
accesschk.exe -uwdqs Users c:\
accesschk.exe -uwdqs "Authenticated Users" c:\

Accessing Filesystem from Browser

Try these path formats in browser address bars:

file:/C:/windows
file:/C:/windows/
file:/C:/windows\
file://C:/windows
file://C:/windows/
C:/windows
C:/windows/
C:\windows
C:\windows\
%WINDIR%
%TMP%
%TEMP%
%SYSTEMDRIVE%
%SYSTEMROOT%
%APPDATA%
%HOMEDRIVE%

Downloadable Tools


Browser Tricks

JavaScript File Dialog

Create a file input dialog using JavaScript:

document.write('<input type=file>')

Internet Explorer Image Toolbar

Click on images to reveal toolbar with:

  • Save
  • Print
  • Mailto
  • Open "My Pictures" in Explorer

Backup iKat Versions


iPad Techniques

Gestures

GestureAction
Swipe up with 4-5 fingersMultitask view
Double-tap Home buttonMultitask view
Swipe 4-5 fingers left/rightSwitch apps
Pinch with 5 fingersGo to Home
Swipe up from bottom (quick)Go to Home
Swipe up from bottom (slow, 1-2 inches)Show dock
Swipe down from topNotifications
Swipe down from top-rightControl Centre (iPad Pro)
Swipe from left edgeToday view
Swipe from right edgeAction Center
Swipe from top edgeShow title bar (fullscreen)
Swipe up from bottom (fullscreen)Show taskbar

Power/Screenshot

ActionMethod
Power offHold power button → slide to power off
Force restartHold power + Home buttons
ScreenshotBriefly press power + Home buttons

iPad Keyboard Shortcuts

System shortcuts:

ShortcutAction
F1
Dim screen
F2
Brighten screen
F7
Previous song
F8
Play/pause
F9
Next song
F10
Mute
F11
Decrease volume
F12
Increase volume
⌘ Space
Language selector

Navigation:

ShortcutAction
⌘H
Go to Home
⌘⇧H
Go to Home
⌘ (Space)
Open Spotlight
⌘⇥
List last 10 apps
⌘~
Go to last app
⌘⇧3
Screenshot
⌘⇧4
Screenshot with editor
⌘⌥D
Show dock
^⌥H
Home button
^⌥H H
Show multitask bar
Escape
Back button
⌘⇧⇥
Previous app
⌘⇥
Original app

Safari:

ShortcutAction
⌘L
Open location bar
⌘T
New tab
⌘W
Close tab
⌘R
Refresh
⌘.
Stop loading
^⇥
Next tab
^⇧⇥
Previous tab
⌘⇧T
Reopen last closed tab
⌘[
Back in history
⌘]
Forward in history
⌘⇧R
Reader Mode

Mail:

ShortcutAction
⌘⌥F
Search mailbox

References