Ruff

Overview

Ruff is an extremely fast Python linter and formatter written in Rust. It replaces flake8, black, isort, pyupgrade, pydocstyle, and dozens more tools — running 10-100x faster. One tool for all Python code quality.

Instructions

Step 1: Setup

pip install ruff

Step 2: Configuration

# pyproject.toml — Ruff configuration
[tool.ruff]
target-version = "py311"
line-length = 100
src = ["src", "tests"]

[tool.ruff.lint]
select = [
    "E",    # pycodestyle errors
    "W",    # pycodestyle warnings
    "F",    # pyflakes
    "I",    # isort (import sorting)
    "B",    # flake8-bugbear
    "C4",   # flake8-comprehensions
    "UP",   # pyupgrade
    "SIM",  # flake8-simplify
    "TCH",  # flake8-type-checking
    "RUF",  # ruff-specific rules
]
ignore = [
    "E501",   # line too long (handled by formatter)
]
fixable = ["ALL"]

[tool.ruff.lint.isort]
known-first-party = ["my_app"]

[tool.ruff.format]
quote-style = "double"
indent-style = "space"
docstring-code-format = true

Step 3: Use

# Lint
ruff check .                   # check all files
ruff check . --fix             # auto-fix issues
ruff check . --fix --unsafe-fixes  # include risky auto-fixes

# Format
ruff format .                  # format all files
ruff format --check .          # check without modifying (CI)

# Watch mode
ruff check --watch .

Step 4: Pre-commit Hook

# .pre-commit-config.yaml
repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
    rev: v0.3.0
    hooks:
      - id: ruff
        args: [--fix]
      - id: ruff-format

Step 5: CI Integration

# .github/workflows/lint.yml
- name: Lint with Ruff
  run: |
    ruff check . --output-format=github
    ruff format --check .

Guidelines

• Ruff replaces flake8, black, isort, pyupgrade in a single tool — remove the old ones.
• Start with a broad rule set (

  select = ["E", "W", "F", "I", "B", "UP"]

  ) and expand.

• ruff check --fix

  auto-fixes most issues — safe to run in pre-commit hooks.
• Ruff processes the entire CPython codebase in under 200ms — linting is no longer a bottleneck.
• Use

  ruff format

  as a drop-in replacement for black — same output, 100x faster.