Web E2E Testing Skill

This skill helps you create and run end-to-end (e2e) Playwright tests for the Uniswap web application.

Test Architecture

Test Location

• All e2e tests live in

  apps/web/src/

  directory structure
• Test files use the naming convention:

  *.e2e.test.ts

• Anvil-specific tests (requiring local blockchain):

  *.anvil.e2e.test.ts

Automatic Wallet Connection

Important: When running Playwright tests, the app automatically connects to a test wallet:

• Address:

  0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266

  (constant:

  TEST_WALLET_ADDRESS

  )
• Display name:

  test0

  (the Unitag associated with this address)
• Connection: Happens automatically via

  wagmiAutoConnect.ts

  when in Playwright environment

This means:

• Tests start with a wallet already connected
• You can immediately test wallet-dependent features
• The wallet button will show "test0" instead of "Connect wallet"

When using Playwright MCP: To enable automatic wallet connection when browsing via MCP tools, set the environment variable

REACT_APP_IS_PLAYWRIGHT_ENV=true

before starting the dev server. This makes the app behave identically to how it does in automated tests, with the test wallet auto-connected.

Custom Fixtures

The web app uses custom Playwright fixtures and mocks that extend base Playwright functionality. They are located in

apps/web/src/playwright/fixtures/*

and

apps/web/src/playwright/mocks/*

.

Import Pattern

import { expect, getTest } from 'playwright/fixtures'

// For regular tests (no blockchain)
const test = getTest()

// For anvil tests (with blockchain)
const test = getTest({ withAnvil: true })

Available Fixtures

1. graphql - Mock GraphQL responses

   await graphql.intercept('OperationName', Mocks.Path.to_mock)
   await graphql.waitForResponse('OperationName')
   

2. anvil - Local blockchain client (only in anvil tests)

   // Set token balances
   await anvil.setErc20Balance({ address, balance })
   
   // Check balances
   await anvil.getBalance({ address })
   await anvil.getErc20Balance(tokenAddress, ownerAddress)
   
   // Manage allowances
   await anvil.setErc20Allowance({ address, spender, amount })
   await anvil.setPermit2Allowance({ token, spender, amount })
   
   // Mining blocks
   await anvil.mine({ blocks: 1 })
   
   // Snapshots for isolation
   const snapshotId = await anvil.takeSnapshot()
   await anvil.revertToSnapshot(snapshotId)
   

3. tradingApi - Mock Trading API responses

   await stubTradingApiEndpoint({
     page,
     endpoint: uniswapUrls.tradingApiPaths.swap
   })
   

4. amplitude - Analytics mocking (automatic)

Test Structure

import { expect, getTest } from 'playwright/fixtures'
import { TestID } from 'uniswap/src/test/fixtures/testIDs'

const test = getTest({ withAnvil: true }) // or getTest() for non-anvil

test.describe('Feature Name', () => {
  test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
    // Setup before each test
  })

  test('should do something', async ({ page, anvil, graphql }) => {
    // Setup mocks
    await graphql.intercept('Operation', Mocks.Path.mock)

    // Setup blockchain state (if anvil test)
    await anvil.setErc20Balance({ address, balance })

    // Navigate to page
    await page.goto('/path')

    // Interact with UI using TestIDs
    await page.getByTestId(TestID.SomeButton).click()

    // Make assertions
    await expect(page.getByText('Expected Text')).toBeVisible()
  })
})

Best Practices

1. Use TestIDs - Always use the TestID enum for selectors (not string literals)

   // Good
   await page.getByTestId(TestID.ReviewSwap)
   
   // Bad
   await page.getByTestId('review-swap')
   

2. Mock External Services - Use fixtures to mock GraphQL, Trading API, REST API etc.

   await graphql.intercept('PortfolioBalances', Mocks.PortfolioBalances.test_wallet)
   await stubTradingApiEndpoint({ page, endpoint: uniswapUrls.tradingApiPaths.quote })
   

3. Use Mocks Helper - Import mock paths from

   playwright/mocks/mocks.ts

   import { Mocks } from 'playwright/mocks/mocks'
   await graphql.intercept('Token', Mocks.Token.uni_token)
   

4. Test Constants - Use constants from the codebase

   import { USDT, DAI } from 'uniswap/src/constants/tokens'
   import { TEST_WALLET_ADDRESS } from 'playwright/fixtures/wallets'
   
   // TEST_WALLET_ADDRESS is the automatically connected wallet
   // It displays as "test0" in the UI
   

5. Anvil State Management - Set up blockchain state properly

   // Always set token balances before testing swaps
   await anvil.setErc20Balance({
     address: assume0xAddress(USDT.address),
     balance: 100_000_000n
   })
   

Running Tests

The following commands must be run from the

apps/web/

folder.

⚠️ PREREQUISITE: Playwright tests require the Vite preview server to be running at

http://localhost:3000

BEFORE tests start. The

bun e2e

commands handle this automatically, but if running tests directly you must start the server first.

Development Commands

The

e2e

commands handle all requisite setup tasks for the playwright tests. These include building the app for production and running the Vite preview server.

# Run all e2e tests (starts anvil, builds, and runs tests)
bun e2e

# Run only non-anvil tests (faster, no blockchain required)
bun e2e:no-anvil

# Run only anvil tests (blockchain tests only)
bun e2e:anvil

# Run specific test file
bun e2e TokenSelector.e2e.test

Direct Playwright Commands

In some cases it may be helpful to run the commands more directly with the different tasks in different terminals.

# Step 1: Build the web app for e2e
bun build:e2e

# Step 2: Start the Vite preview server (REQUIRED - must be running before tests)
bun preview:e2e
# Wait for "Local: http://localhost:3000" message

# (Optional) Step 3: Start Anvil (note, Anvil tests can start this themselves)
bun anvil:mainnet
# Wait for "Listening on 127.0.0.1:8545" message

# Step 4: Run the playwright tests (only after servers are ready)
bun playwright:test

Test Modes

# Headed mode (see browser)
bun playwright test --headed

# Debug mode with Playwright Inspector
bun playwright test --debug

# UI mode (interactive)
bun playwright test --ui

Configuration

Playwright Config (

playwright.config.ts

)

Key settings:

• testDir

  :

  ./src

• testMatch

  :

  **/*.e2e.test.ts

• workers

  : 1 (configured in CI)

• fullyParallel

  : false

• baseURL

  :

  http://localhost:3000

Common Patterns

Navigation and URL Testing

await page.goto('/swap?inputCurrency=ETH&outputCurrency=USDT')
await expect(page.getByTestId(TestID.ChooseInputToken + '-label')).toHaveText('ETH')

Form Interactions

await page.getByTestId(TestID.AmountInputIn).fill('0.01')
await page.getByTestId(TestID.AmountInputIn).clear()

Token Selection

await page.getByTestId(TestID.ChooseOutputToken).click()
await page.getByTestId('token-option-1-USDT').first().click()

Waiting for Transaction Completion

await page.getByTestId(TestID.Swap).click()
await expect(page.getByText('Swapped')).toBeVisible()

Blockchain Verification

const balance = await anvil.getBalance({ address: TEST_WALLET_ADDRESS })
await expect(balance).toBeLessThan(parseEther('10000'))

Troubleshooting

Tests Timeout

• Check if Anvil is running:

  bun anvil:mainnet

• Ensure preview server is running:

  bun preview:e2e

Anvil Issues

• Tests automatically manage Anvil snapshots for isolation
• Anvil restarts automatically if unhealthy
• For manual restart: stop the e2e command and run again

Mock Not Working

• Ensure mock path is correct in

  Mocks

  object
• Check GraphQL operation name matches exactly
• Verify timing - intercept before the request is made

Test Flakiness

• Use proper waiting:

  await expect(element).toBeVisible()

• Don't use fixed

  setTimeout

  - use Playwright's auto-waiting
• Check for race conditions with network requests

Debugging

• Run tests with

  --headed

  flag to watch the browser
• Use

  --debug

  flag to step through with Playwright Inspector
• Add

  await page.pause()

  in your test to stop at a specific point
• Check test output and error messages carefully
• Review screenshots/videos in

  test-results/

  directory after failures

Playwright Documentation References

For more details on Playwright features, refer to:

• Writing Tests - Test structure, actions, assertions
• Test Fixtures - Creating custom fixtures (like our anvil/graphql fixtures)
• Running Tests - Command line options, filtering, debugging
• API Testing - Mocking and intercepting network requests
• Locators - Finding elements (we use

  getByTestId

  primarily)
• Assertions - Available expect matchers
• Test Hooks - beforeEach, afterEach, beforeAll, afterAll
• Test Configuration - playwright.config.ts options
• Debugging Tests - UI mode, inspector, trace viewer

Playwright MCP Integration (Optional but Recommended)

The Playwright MCP (Model Context Protocol) provides browser automation capabilities that make test development and debugging easier:

• Interactive debugging - Navigate the app in a real browser to understand behavior
• Creating tests - Explore the UI to identify selectors and interactions
• Debugging failures - Inspect page state when tests fail

Installing Playwright MCP

If you don't have the Playwright MCP installed, you can add it to your Claude Code configuration:

1. Open Claude Code settings (Command/Ctrl + Shift + P → "Claude Code: Open Settings")
2. Add the Playwright MCP to your

   mcpServers

   configuration:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "playwright": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@executeautomation/playwright-mcp-server"]
    }
  }
}

3. Restart Claude Code

Alternatively, follow the installation guide at: https://github.com/executeautomation/playwright-mcp

Using Playwright MCP for Test Development (Optional)

If you have the MCP installed, you can use these tools during development:

1. Navigate and explore - Use

   mcp__playwright__browser_navigate

   to visit pages
2. Take snapshots - Use

   mcp__playwright__browser_snapshot

   to see the page structure and find TestIDs
3. Interact with elements - Use

   mcp__playwright__browser_click

   and

   mcp__playwright__browser_type

   to test interactions
4. Inspect state - Use

   mcp__playwright__browser_console_messages

   and

   mcp__playwright__browser_network_requests

   to debug
5. Take screenshots - Use

   mcp__playwright__browser_take_screenshot

   to visualize issues

When to Use This Skill

Use this skill when you need to:

• Create new end-to-end tests for web features
• Debug or fix failing e2e tests
• Run e2e tests during development
• Understand the e2e testing architecture
• Set up test fixtures or mocks
• Work with Anvil blockchain state in tests