CCXT for Go

A comprehensive guide to using CCXT in Go projects for cryptocurrency exchange integration.

Installation

REST API

go get github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4

WebSocket API (ccxt.pro)

go get github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro

Quick Start

REST API

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/binance"
)

func main() {
    exchange := binance.New()
    markets, err := exchange.LoadMarkets()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    ticker, err := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    fmt.Println(ticker)
}

WebSocket API - Real-time Updates

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro/binance"
)

func main() {
    exchange := binance.New()
    defer exchange.Close()

    for {
        ticker, err := exchange.WatchTicker("BTC/USDT")
        if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }
        fmt.Println(ticker.Last)  // Live updates!
    }
}

REST vs WebSocket

github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/{exchange}

github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro/{exchange}

Fetch*

Watch*

Important: All methods return

(result, error)

Creating Exchange Instance

REST API

import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/binance"

// Public API (no authentication)
exchange := binance.New()
exchange.EnableRateLimit = true  // Recommended!

// Private API (with authentication)
exchange := binance.New()
exchange.ApiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY"
exchange.Secret = "YOUR_SECRET"
exchange.EnableRateLimit = true

WebSocket API

import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro/binance"

// Public WebSocket
exchange := binance.New()
defer exchange.Close()

// Private WebSocket (with authentication)
exchange := binance.New()
exchange.ApiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY"
exchange.Secret = "YOUR_SECRET"
defer exchange.Close()

Common REST Operations

Loading Markets

// Load all available trading pairs
markets, err := exchange.LoadMarkets()
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}

// Access market information
btcMarket := exchange.Market("BTC/USDT")
fmt.Println(btcMarket.Limits.Amount.Min)  // Minimum order amount

Fetching Ticker

// Single ticker
ticker, err := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(ticker.Last)      // Last price
fmt.Println(ticker.Bid)       // Best bid
fmt.Println(ticker.Ask)       // Best ask
fmt.Println(ticker.Volume)    // 24h volume

// Multiple tickers (if supported)
tickers, err := exchange.FetchTickers([]string{"BTC/USDT", "ETH/USDT"})

Fetching Order Book

// Full orderbook
orderbook, err := exchange.FetchOrderBook("BTC/USDT", nil)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(orderbook.Bids[0])  // [price, amount]
fmt.Println(orderbook.Asks[0])  // [price, amount]

// Limited depth
limit := 5
orderbook, err := exchange.FetchOrderBook("BTC/USDT", &limit)

Creating Orders

Limit Order

// Buy limit order
order, err := exchange.CreateLimitBuyOrder("BTC/USDT", 0.01, 50000, nil)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(order.Id)

// Sell limit order
order, err := exchange.CreateLimitSellOrder("BTC/USDT", 0.01, 60000, nil)

// Generic limit order
order, err := exchange.CreateOrder("BTC/USDT", "limit", "buy", 0.01, 50000, nil)

Market Order

// Buy market order
order, err := exchange.CreateMarketBuyOrder("BTC/USDT", 0.01, nil)

// Sell market order
order, err := exchange.CreateMarketSellOrder("BTC/USDT", 0.01, nil)

// Generic market order
order, err := exchange.CreateOrder("BTC/USDT", "market", "sell", 0.01, nil, nil)

Fetching Balance

balance, err := exchange.FetchBalance()
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(balance["BTC"].Free)   // Available balance
fmt.Println(balance["BTC"].Used)   // Balance in orders
fmt.Println(balance["BTC"].Total)  // Total balance

Fetching Orders

// Open orders
openOrders, err := exchange.FetchOpenOrders("BTC/USDT", nil, nil, nil)

// Closed orders
closedOrders, err := exchange.FetchClosedOrders("BTC/USDT", nil, nil, nil)

// All orders (open + closed)
allOrders, err := exchange.FetchOrders("BTC/USDT", nil, nil, nil)

// Single order by ID
order, err := exchange.FetchOrder(orderId, "BTC/USDT", nil)

Fetching Trades

// Recent public trades
limit := 10
trades, err := exchange.FetchTrades("BTC/USDT", nil, &limit, nil)

// Your trades (requires authentication)
myTrades, err := exchange.FetchMyTrades("BTC/USDT", nil, nil, nil)

Canceling Orders

// Cancel single order
err := exchange.CancelOrder(orderId, "BTC/USDT", nil)

// Cancel all orders for a symbol
err := exchange.CancelAllOrders("BTC/USDT", nil)

WebSocket Operations (Real-time)

Watching Ticker (Live Price Updates)

import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro/binance"

exchange := binance.New()
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    ticker, err := exchange.WatchTicker("BTC/USDT")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(ticker.Last, ticker.Timestamp)
}

Watching Order Book (Live Depth Updates)

exchange := binance.New()
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    orderbook, err := exchange.WatchOrderBook("BTC/USDT", nil)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println("Best bid:", orderbook.Bids[0])
    fmt.Println("Best ask:", orderbook.Asks[0])
}

Watching Trades (Live Trade Stream)

exchange := binance.New()
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    trades, err := exchange.WatchTrades("BTC/USDT", nil, nil, nil)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    for _, trade := range trades {
        fmt.Println(trade.Price, trade.Amount, trade.Side)
    }
}

Watching Your Orders (Live Order Updates)

exchange := binance.New()
exchange.ApiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY"
exchange.Secret = "YOUR_SECRET"
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    orders, err := exchange.WatchOrders("BTC/USDT", nil, nil, nil)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    for _, order := range orders {
        fmt.Println(order.Id, order.Status, order.Filled)
    }
}

Watching Balance (Live Balance Updates)

exchange := binance.New()
exchange.ApiKey = "YOUR_API_KEY"
exchange.Secret = "YOUR_SECRET"
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    balance, err := exchange.WatchBalance()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println("BTC:", balance["BTC"])
    fmt.Println("USDT:", balance["USDT"])
}

Complete Method Reference

Market Data Methods

Tickers & Prices

• fetchTicker(symbol)

  - Fetch ticker for one symbol

• fetchTickers([symbols])

  - Fetch multiple tickers at once

• fetchBidsAsks([symbols])

  - Fetch best bid/ask for multiple symbols

• fetchLastPrices([symbols])

  - Fetch last prices

• fetchMarkPrices([symbols])

  - Fetch mark prices (derivatives)

Order Books

• fetchOrderBook(symbol, limit)

  - Fetch order book

• fetchOrderBooks([symbols])

  - Fetch multiple order books

• fetchL2OrderBook(symbol)

  - Fetch level 2 order book

• fetchL3OrderBook(symbol)

  - Fetch level 3 order book (if supported)

Trades

• fetchTrades(symbol, since, limit)

  - Fetch public trades

• fetchMyTrades(symbol, since, limit)

  - Fetch your trades (auth required)

• fetchOrderTrades(orderId, symbol)

  - Fetch trades for specific order

OHLCV (Candlesticks)

• fetchOHLCV(symbol, timeframe, since, limit)

  - Fetch candlestick data

• fetchIndexOHLCV(symbol, timeframe)

  - Fetch index price OHLCV

• fetchMarkOHLCV(symbol, timeframe)

  - Fetch mark price OHLCV

• fetchPremiumIndexOHLCV(symbol, timeframe)

  - Fetch premium index OHLCV

Account & Balance

• fetchBalance()

  - Fetch account balance (auth required)

• fetchAccounts()

  - Fetch sub-accounts

• fetchLedger(code, since, limit)

  - Fetch ledger history

• fetchLedgerEntry(id, code)

  - Fetch specific ledger entry

• fetchTransactions(code, since, limit)

  - Fetch transactions

• fetchDeposits(code, since, limit)

  - Fetch deposit history

• fetchWithdrawals(code, since, limit)

  - Fetch withdrawal history

• fetchDepositsWithdrawals(code, since, limit)

  - Fetch both deposits and withdrawals

Trading Methods

Creating Orders

• createOrder(symbol, type, side, amount, price, params)

  - Create order (generic)

• createLimitOrder(symbol, side, amount, price)

  - Create limit order

• createMarketOrder(symbol, side, amount)

  - Create market order

• createLimitBuyOrder(symbol, amount, price)

  - Buy limit order

• createLimitSellOrder(symbol, amount, price)

  - Sell limit order

• createMarketBuyOrder(symbol, amount)

  - Buy market order

• createMarketSellOrder(symbol, amount)

  - Sell market order

• createMarketBuyOrderWithCost(symbol, cost)

  - Buy with specific cost

• createStopLimitOrder(symbol, side, amount, price, stopPrice)

  - Stop-limit order

• createStopMarketOrder(symbol, side, amount, stopPrice)

  - Stop-market order

• createStopLossOrder(symbol, side, amount, stopPrice)

  - Stop-loss order

• createTakeProfitOrder(symbol, side, amount, takeProfitPrice)

  - Take-profit order

• createTrailingAmountOrder(symbol, side, amount, trailingAmount)

  - Trailing stop

• createTrailingPercentOrder(symbol, side, amount, trailingPercent)

  - Trailing stop %

• createTriggerOrder(symbol, side, amount, triggerPrice)

  - Trigger order

• createPostOnlyOrder(symbol, side, amount, price)

  - Post-only order

• createReduceOnlyOrder(symbol, side, amount, price)

  - Reduce-only order

• createOrders([orders])

  - Create multiple orders at once

• createOrderWithTakeProfitAndStopLoss(symbol, type, side, amount, price, tpPrice, slPrice)

  - OCO order

Managing Orders

• fetchOrder(orderId, symbol)

  - Fetch single order

• fetchOrders(symbol, since, limit)

  - Fetch all orders

• fetchOpenOrders(symbol, since, limit)

  - Fetch open orders

• fetchClosedOrders(symbol, since, limit)

  - Fetch closed orders

• fetchCanceledOrders(symbol, since, limit)

  - Fetch canceled orders

• fetchOpenOrder(orderId, symbol)

  - Fetch specific open order

• fetchOrdersByStatus(status, symbol)

  - Fetch orders by status

• cancelOrder(orderId, symbol)

  - Cancel single order

• cancelOrders([orderIds], symbol)

  - Cancel multiple orders

• cancelAllOrders(symbol)

  - Cancel all orders for symbol

• editOrder(orderId, symbol, type, side, amount, price)

  - Modify order

Margin & Leverage

• fetchBorrowRate(code)

  - Fetch borrow rate for margin

• fetchBorrowRates([codes])

  - Fetch multiple borrow rates

• fetchBorrowRateHistory(code, since, limit)

  - Historical borrow rates

• fetchCrossBorrowRate(code)

  - Cross margin borrow rate

• fetchIsolatedBorrowRate(symbol, code)

  - Isolated margin borrow rate

• borrowMargin(code, amount, symbol)

  - Borrow margin

• repayMargin(code, amount, symbol)

  - Repay margin

• fetchLeverage(symbol)

  - Fetch leverage

• setLeverage(leverage, symbol)

  - Set leverage

• fetchLeverageTiers(symbols)

  - Fetch leverage tiers

• fetchMarketLeverageTiers(symbol)

  - Leverage tiers for market

• setMarginMode(marginMode, symbol)

  - Set margin mode (cross/isolated)

• fetchMarginMode(symbol)

  - Fetch margin mode

Derivatives & Futures

Positions

• fetchPosition(symbol)

  - Fetch single position

• fetchPositions([symbols])

  - Fetch all positions

• fetchPositionsForSymbol(symbol)

  - Fetch positions for symbol

• fetchPositionHistory(symbol, since, limit)

  - Position history

• fetchPositionsHistory(symbols, since, limit)

  - Multiple position history

• fetchPositionMode(symbol)

  - Fetch position mode (one-way/hedge)

• setPositionMode(hedged, symbol)

  - Set position mode

• closePosition(symbol, side)

  - Close position

• closeAllPositions()

  - Close all positions

Funding & Settlement

• fetchFundingRate(symbol)

  - Current funding rate

• fetchFundingRates([symbols])

  - Multiple funding rates

• fetchFundingRateHistory(symbol, since, limit)

  - Funding rate history

• fetchFundingHistory(symbol, since, limit)

  - Your funding payments

• fetchFundingInterval(symbol)

  - Funding interval

• fetchSettlementHistory(symbol, since, limit)

  - Settlement history

• fetchMySettlementHistory(symbol, since, limit)

  - Your settlement history

Open Interest & Liquidations

• fetchOpenInterest(symbol)

  - Open interest for symbol

• fetchOpenInterests([symbols])

  - Multiple open interests

• fetchOpenInterestHistory(symbol, timeframe, since, limit)

  - OI history

• fetchLiquidations(symbol, since, limit)

  - Public liquidations

• fetchMyLiquidations(symbol, since, limit)

  - Your liquidations

Options

• fetchOption(symbol)

  - Fetch option info

• fetchOptionChain(code)

  - Fetch option chain

• fetchGreeks(symbol)

  - Fetch option greeks

• fetchVolatilityHistory(code, since, limit)

  - Volatility history

• fetchUnderlyingAssets()

  - Fetch underlying assets

Fees & Limits

• fetchTradingFee(symbol)

  - Trading fee for symbol

• fetchTradingFees([symbols])

  - Trading fees for multiple symbols

• fetchTradingLimits([symbols])

  - Trading limits

• fetchTransactionFee(code)

  - Transaction/withdrawal fee

• fetchTransactionFees([codes])

  - Multiple transaction fees

• fetchDepositWithdrawFee(code)

  - Deposit/withdrawal fee

• fetchDepositWithdrawFees([codes])

  - Multiple deposit/withdraw fees

Deposits & Withdrawals

• fetchDepositAddress(code, params)

  - Get deposit address

• fetchDepositAddresses([codes])

  - Multiple deposit addresses

• fetchDepositAddressesByNetwork(code)

  - Addresses by network

• createDepositAddress(code, params)

  - Create new deposit address

• fetchDeposit(id, code)

  - Fetch single deposit

• fetchWithdrawal(id, code)

  - Fetch single withdrawal

• fetchWithdrawAddresses(code)

  - Fetch withdrawal addresses

• fetchWithdrawalWhitelist(code)

  - Fetch whitelist

• withdraw(code, amount, address, tag, params)

  - Withdraw funds

• deposit(code, amount, params)

  - Deposit funds (if supported)

Transfer & Convert

• transfer(code, amount, fromAccount, toAccount)

  - Internal transfer

• fetchTransfer(id, code)

  - Fetch transfer info

• fetchTransfers(code, since, limit)

  - Fetch transfer history

• fetchConvertCurrencies()

  - Currencies available for convert

• fetchConvertQuote(fromCode, toCode, amount)

  - Get conversion quote

• createConvertTrade(fromCode, toCode, amount)

  - Execute conversion

• fetchConvertTrade(id)

  - Fetch convert trade

• fetchConvertTradeHistory(code, since, limit)

  - Convert history

Market Info

• fetchMarkets()

  - Fetch all markets

• fetchCurrencies()

  - Fetch all currencies

• fetchTime()

  - Fetch exchange server time

• fetchStatus()

  - Fetch exchange status

• fetchBorrowInterest(code, symbol, since, limit)

  - Borrow interest paid

• fetchLongShortRatio(symbol, timeframe, since, limit)

  - Long/short ratio

• fetchLongShortRatioHistory(symbol, timeframe, since, limit)

  - L/S ratio history

WebSocket Methods (ccxt.pro)

All REST methods have WebSocket equivalents with

watch*

Real-time Market Data

• watchTicker(symbol)

  - Watch single ticker

• watchTickers([symbols])

  - Watch multiple tickers

• watchOrderBook(symbol)

  - Watch order book updates

• watchOrderBookForSymbols([symbols])

  - Watch multiple order books

• watchTrades(symbol)

  - Watch public trades

• watchOHLCV(symbol, timeframe)

  - Watch candlestick updates

• watchBidsAsks([symbols])

  - Watch best bid/ask

Real-time Account Data (Auth Required)

• watchBalance()

  - Watch balance updates

• watchOrders(symbol)

  - Watch your order updates

• watchMyTrades(symbol)

  - Watch your trade updates

• watchPositions([symbols])

  - Watch position updates

• watchPositionsForSymbol(symbol)

  - Watch positions for symbol

Authentication Required

Methods marked with 🔒 require API credentials:

• All

  create*

  methods (creating orders, addresses)
• All

  cancel*

  methods (canceling orders)
• All

  edit*

  methods (modifying orders)
• All

  fetchMy*

  methods (your trades, orders)

• fetchBalance

  ,

  fetchLedger

  ,

  fetchAccounts

• withdraw

  ,

  transfer

  ,

  deposit

• Margin/leverage methods
• Position methods

• watchBalance

  ,

  watchOrders

  ,

  watchMyTrades

  ,

  watchPositions

Checking Method Availability

Not all exchanges support all methods. Check before using:

// Check if method is supported
if (exchange.has['fetchOHLCV']) {
    const candles = await exchange.fetchOHLCV('BTC/USDT', '1h')
}

// Check multiple capabilities
console.log(exchange.has)
// {
//   fetchTicker: true,
//   fetchOHLCV: true,
//   fetchMyTrades: true,
//   fetchPositions: false,
//   ...
// }

Method Naming Convention

• fetch*

  - REST API methods (HTTP requests)

• watch*

  - WebSocket methods (real-time streams)

• create*

  - Create new resources (orders, addresses)

• cancel*

  - Cancel existing resources

• edit*

  - Modify existing resources

• set*

  - Configure settings (leverage, margin mode)

• *Ws

  suffix - WebSocket variant (some exchanges)

Proxy Configuration

CCXT supports HTTP, HTTPS, and SOCKS proxies for both REST and WebSocket connections.

Setting Proxy

// HTTP Proxy
exchange.httpProxy = 'http://your-proxy-host:port'

// HTTPS Proxy  
exchange.httpsProxy = 'https://your-proxy-host:port'

// SOCKS Proxy
exchange.socksProxy = 'socks://your-proxy-host:port'

// Proxy with authentication
exchange.httpProxy = 'http://user:pass@proxy-host:port'

Proxy for WebSocket

WebSocket connections also respect proxy settings:

exchange.httpsProxy = 'https://proxy:8080'
// WebSocket connections will use this proxy

Testing Proxy Connection

exchange.httpProxy = 'http://localhost:8080'
try {
    await exchange.fetchTicker('BTC/USDT')
    console.log('Proxy working!')
} catch (error) {
    console.error('Proxy connection failed:', error)
}

WebSocket-Specific Methods

Some exchanges provide WebSocket variants of REST methods for faster order placement and management. These use the

*Ws

Trading via WebSocket

Creating Orders:

• createOrderWs

  - Create order via WebSocket (faster than REST)

• createLimitOrderWs

  - Create limit order via WebSocket

• createMarketOrderWs

  - Create market order via WebSocket

• createLimitBuyOrderWs

  - Buy limit order via WebSocket

• createLimitSellOrderWs

  - Sell limit order via WebSocket

• createMarketBuyOrderWs

  - Buy market order via WebSocket

• createMarketSellOrderWs

  - Sell market order via WebSocket

• createStopLimitOrderWs

  - Stop-limit order via WebSocket

• createStopMarketOrderWs

  - Stop-market order via WebSocket

• createStopLossOrderWs

  - Stop-loss order via WebSocket

• createTakeProfitOrderWs

  - Take-profit order via WebSocket

• createTrailingAmountOrderWs

  - Trailing stop via WebSocket

• createTrailingPercentOrderWs

  - Trailing stop % via WebSocket

• createPostOnlyOrderWs

  - Post-only order via WebSocket

• createReduceOnlyOrderWs

  - Reduce-only order via WebSocket

Managing Orders:

• editOrderWs

  - Edit order via WebSocket

• cancelOrderWs

  - Cancel order via WebSocket (faster than REST)

• cancelOrdersWs

  - Cancel multiple orders via WebSocket

• cancelAllOrdersWs

  - Cancel all orders via WebSocket

Fetching Data:

• fetchOrderWs

  - Fetch order via WebSocket

• fetchOrdersWs

  - Fetch orders via WebSocket

• fetchOpenOrdersWs

  - Fetch open orders via WebSocket

• fetchClosedOrdersWs

  - Fetch closed orders via WebSocket

• fetchMyTradesWs

  - Fetch your trades via WebSocket

• fetchBalanceWs

  - Fetch balance via WebSocket

• fetchPositionWs

  - Fetch position via WebSocket

• fetchPositionsWs

  - Fetch positions via WebSocket

• fetchPositionsForSymbolWs

  - Fetch positions for symbol via WebSocket

• fetchTradingFeesWs

  - Fetch trading fees via WebSocket

When to Use WebSocket Methods

Use

*Ws

• You need faster order placement (lower latency)
• You're already connected via WebSocket
• You want to reduce REST API rate limit usage
• Trading strategies require sub-100ms latency

Use REST methods when:

• You need guaranteed execution confirmation
• You're making one-off requests
• The exchange doesn't support the WebSocket variant
• You need detailed error responses

Example: Order Placement Comparison

REST API (slower, more reliable):

const order = await exchange.createOrder('BTC/USDT', 'limit', 'buy', 0.01, 50000)

WebSocket API (faster, lower latency):

const order = await exchange.createOrderWs('BTC/USDT', 'limit', 'buy', 0.01, 50000)

Checking WebSocket Method Availability

Not all exchanges support WebSocket trading methods:

if (exchange.has['createOrderWs']) {
    // Exchange supports WebSocket order creation
    const order = await exchange.createOrderWs('BTC/USDT', 'limit', 'buy', 0.01, 50000)
} else {
    // Fall back to REST
    const order = await exchange.createOrder('BTC/USDT', 'limit', 'buy', 0.01, 50000)
}

Authentication

Setting API Keys

import "os"

// During instantiation
exchange := binance.New()
exchange.ApiKey = os.Getenv("BINANCE_API_KEY")
exchange.Secret = os.Getenv("BINANCE_SECRET")
exchange.EnableRateLimit = true

Testing Authentication

balance, err := exchange.FetchBalance()
if err != nil {
    if _, ok := err.(*ccxt.AuthenticationError); ok {
        fmt.Println("Invalid API credentials")
    } else {
        panic(err)
    }
} else {
    fmt.Println("Authentication successful!")
}

Error Handling

Error Types

BaseError
├─ NetworkError (recoverable - retry)
│  ├─ RequestTimeout
│  ├─ ExchangeNotAvailable
│  ├─ RateLimitExceeded
│  └─ DDoSProtection
└─ ExchangeError (non-recoverable - don't retry)
   ├─ AuthenticationError
   ├─ InsufficientFunds
   ├─ InvalidOrder
   └─ NotSupported

Basic Error Handling

import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/ccxt"

ticker, err := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
if err != nil {
    switch e := err.(type) {
    case *ccxt.NetworkError:
        fmt.Println("Network error - retry:", e.Message)
    case *ccxt.ExchangeError:
        fmt.Println("Exchange error - do not retry:", e.Message)
    default:
        fmt.Println("Unknown error:", err)
    }
}

Specific Error Handling

order, err := exchange.CreateOrder("BTC/USDT", "limit", "buy", 0.01, 50000, nil)
if err != nil {
    switch err.(type) {
    case *ccxt.InsufficientFunds:
        fmt.Println("Not enough balance")
    case *ccxt.InvalidOrder:
        fmt.Println("Invalid order parameters")
    case *ccxt.RateLimitExceeded:
        fmt.Println("Rate limit hit - wait before retrying")
        time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
    case *ccxt.AuthenticationError:
        fmt.Println("Check your API credentials")
    default:
        panic(err)
    }
}

Retry Logic for Network Errors

import "time"

func fetchWithRetry(exchange *binance.Exchange, maxRetries int) (*ccxt.Ticker, error) {
    for i := 0; i < maxRetries; i++ {
        ticker, err := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
        if err == nil {
            return ticker, nil
        }

        if _, ok := err.(*ccxt.NetworkError); ok && i < maxRetries-1 {
            fmt.Printf("Retry %d/%d\n", i+1, maxRetries)
            time.Sleep(time.Duration(i+1) * time.Second)  // Exponential backoff
        } else {
            return nil, err
        }
    }
    return nil, fmt.Errorf("all retries failed")
}

Rate Limiting

Built-in Rate Limiter (Recommended)

exchange := binance.New()
exchange.EnableRateLimit = true  // Automatically throttles requests

Manual Delays

import "time"

exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
time.Sleep(time.Duration(exchange.RateLimit) * time.Millisecond)
exchange.FetchTicker("ETH/USDT")

Checking Rate Limit

fmt.Println(exchange.RateLimit)  // Milliseconds between requests

Common Pitfalls

Not Checking Error Returns

// Wrong - ignores errors
ticker, _ := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
fmt.Println(ticker.Last)  // May panic if ticker is nil!

// Correct - check errors
ticker, err := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println(ticker.Last)

Wrong Import Path

// Wrong - missing /v4
import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/binance"  // ERROR!

// Correct - must include /v4
import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/binance"

// Correct - WebSocket with /v4/pro
import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro/binance"

Using REST for Real-time Monitoring

// Wrong - wastes rate limits
for {
    ticker, _ := exchange.FetchTicker("BTC/USDT")  // REST
    fmt.Println(ticker.Last)
    time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
}

// Correct - use WebSocket
import "github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/pro/binance"

exchange := binance.New()
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    ticker, err := exchange.WatchTicker("BTC/USDT")  // WebSocket
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(ticker.Last)
}

Not Closing WebSocket Connections

// Wrong - memory leak
exchange := binance.New()
ticker, _ := exchange.WatchTicker("BTC/USDT")
// Forgot to close!

// Correct - always defer Close()
exchange := binance.New()
defer exchange.Close()

for {
    ticker, err := exchange.WatchTicker("BTC/USDT")
    if err != nil {
        break
    }
    fmt.Println(ticker.Last)
}

Incorrect Symbol Format

// Wrong symbol formats
"BTCUSDT"    // Wrong - no separator
"BTC-USDT"   // Wrong - dash separator
"btc/usdt"   // Wrong - lowercase

// Correct symbol format
"BTC/USDT"   // Unified CCXT format

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

1. "package github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4/binance: cannot find package"

• Solution: Run

  go get github.com/ccxt/ccxt/go/v4

2. "RateLimitExceeded"

• Solution: Set

  exchange.EnableRateLimit = true

3. "AuthenticationError"

• Solution: Check API key and secret
• Verify API key permissions on exchange
• Check system clock is synced

4. "InvalidNonce"

• Solution: Sync system clock
• Use only one exchange instance per API key

5. "InsufficientFunds"

• Solution: Check available balance (

  balance["BTC"].Free

  )
• Account for trading fees

6. "ExchangeNotAvailable"

• Solution: Check exchange status/maintenance
• Retry after a delay

Debugging

// Enable verbose logging
exchange.Verbose = true

// Check exchange capabilities
fmt.Println(exchange.Has)
// map[string]bool{
//   "fetchTicker": true,
//   "fetchOrderBook": true,
//   "createOrder": true,
//   ...
// }

// Check market information
market := exchange.Markets["BTC/USDT"]
fmt.Println(market)

// Check last request/response
fmt.Println(exchange.LastHttpResponse)
fmt.Println(exchange.LastJsonResponse)

Learn More

• CCXT Manual
• CCXT Pro Documentation
• Supported Exchanges
• GitHub Repository