Extract Learnings from Session

Overview

Extract learnings identifies actual mistakes from completed work: where you were corrected, where you had to redo something, or where your initial approach was wrong.

Core principle: Extract only NEW learnings. Ignore things you got right. Focus on patterns that need to change.

The Extraction Pattern

WHEN extracting learnings from a session:

1. IDENTIFY: What did you have to redo, fix, or change?
2. DISTINGUISH: Was this a correction or just normal iteration?
3. VERIFY: Did you make the same mistake multiple times?
4. EXTRACT: What's the underlying pattern to avoid?
5. DOCUMENT: State the learning as a future directive

What Qualifies as a Learning

✅ Valid Learnings (Extract These)

Learnings come from corrections and rework:

• Human corrected you: "No, that's wrong - it should be X"
• You misunderstood requirements: Had to rewrite after clarification
• Your code broke something: Had to fix failures or regressions
• You made the same mistake repeatedly: Same error pattern appeared multiple times
• You violated existing patterns: Went against established conventions after being told
• You over-engineered: Added complexity that was explicitly rejected

❌ Not Valid Learnings (Skip These)

These are normal work, not mistakes:

• Normal iteration: "Let's also add Y" after X was done correctly
• Requirements that evolved: User changed their mind about what they wanted
• Things you got right first time: No correction needed = no learning needed
• Expected clarifications: Asking questions before implementing
• Code that worked: Even if later modified for new features
• Design discussions: Exploring options isn't the same as being wrong

The Critical Question

For each potential learning, ask:

"Was I corrected, or was this just normal work?"

• Corrected → Extract learning
• Normal work → Skip it

Extraction Process

Step 1: Review the Session

Look through the conversation for:

• Direct corrections from human ("No, that's wrong...")
• Code you had to rewrite (not extend, but replace)
• Tests that failed due to your mistakes
• Patterns you repeated after being told not to

Step 2: Identify the Pattern

For each correction, identify:

• What was wrong?
• Why was it wrong?
• What's the underlying pattern?

Example:

Correction: "Don't add gratitude - the CLAUDE.md explicitly says no thanks"
Pattern: Violated explicit written instructions
Learning: Always check CLAUDE.md before defaulting to conversational niceties

Step 3: State as Directive

Express learnings as future-facing rules:

✅ "Check CLAUDE.md before using conversational phrases - it prohibits gratitude"
✅ "Verify API parameters against docs before implementation - don't assume"
✅ "Test edge cases before marking complete - caught multiple off-by-one errors"

❌ "The project uses React" (you knew this, not a learning)
❌ "User wanted dark mode" (requirement, not mistake)
❌ "Implemented authentication" (work done, not lesson learned)

Common False Learnings to Avoid

"Learned about the codebase structure"

Why it's false: Understanding codebase isn't a mistake correction When it IS a learning: "Assumed files were in /lib but they're in /src - check actual structure first"

"Learned the user prefers X style"

Why it's false: Learning preferences through normal discussion isn't a correction When it IS a learning: "Kept using Y style after being told to use X - read style guide first"

"Learned to ask clarifying questions"

Why it's false: Asking questions is normal, good practice When it IS a learning: "Made assumptions about ambiguous requirement and had to rewrite - ask first when unclear"

"Learned about new feature X"

Why it's false: Implementing new features is normal work When it IS a learning: "Reimplemented X manually when library already provided it - check deps first"

Template for Valid Learnings

## Learning: [Brief title]

**What happened:** [Specific correction or rework]
**Why it was wrong:** [Root cause]
**Pattern to avoid:** [General principle]
**Future action:** [Specific directive]

**Example from session:**
[Actual instance where this occurred]

Real Examples

Valid Learning

## Learning: Check CLAUDE.md before conversational defaults

**What happened:** Added "Thanks for the feedback" after code review; was corrected that CLAUDE.md explicitly prohibits gratitude expressions
**Why it was wrong:** Violated documented instructions in favor of conversational habits
**Pattern to avoid:** Defaulting to conversational niceties without checking project guidelines
**Future action:** Read CLAUDE.md before responding to feedback - verify communication style requirements

**Example from session:**
- Response: "Thanks for catching that!"
- Correction: "Don't say thanks - CLAUDE.md line 142"
- Had to edit response to remove gratitude

Invalid "Learning" (Normal Work)

❌ Learning: Project uses TypeScript

This is not a learning - this is basic context understanding.
No correction occurred. TypeScript was used correctly throughout.

Valid Learning (Repeated Mistake)

## Learning: Verify file paths exist before using Edit tool

**What happened:** Used Edit tool three times on files that didn't exist; each time errored and had to use Write instead
**Why it was wrong:** Edit requires file to exist first; should have checked with Read or List
**Pattern to avoid:** Assuming file exists without verification
**Future action:** Always Read file before using Edit, or verify with List if unsure

**Example from session:**
- Attempted: Edit on config/settings.json (doesn't exist)
- Error: "File not found"
- Had to: Write config/settings.json instead
- Repeated this pattern on 3 different files

Anti-Pattern: The "Everything is a Learning" Trap

Bad extraction:

- Learned about the project structure ❌
- Learned user wants dark mode ❌
- Learned to implement authentication ❌
- Learned React hooks ❌
- Learned the API endpoints ❌

Why this is bad: None of these represent corrections. This is just documenting work done.

Good extraction:

- Assumed API was REST without checking; it's GraphQL - verify architecture before implementation ✅
- Implemented auth from scratch; project already had auth library - check dependencies first ✅

Session Analysis Checklist

Before extracting learnings, verify:

• Did human explicitly correct you?
• Did you have to redo/rewrite (not just extend)?
• Did tests fail due to your mistake?
• Did you repeat the same error?
• Did you violate documented patterns?

If none of these apply → No learnings to extract

This is fine! Many sessions have zero learnings. Good work doesn't generate lessons.

Output Format

When extracting learnings, provide:

1. Session Summary: Brief overview of what was accomplished
2. Corrections Identified: List of actual corrections/rework
3. Learnings Extracted: Only the items that meet criteria
4. Confidence Assessment: How sure you are these are genuine learnings vs. normal work

The Bottom Line

Extract corrections, not work done.

If you got it right the first time → no learning. If you had to fix it → extract the pattern.

Focus on what needs to change, ignore what worked.