Changelog verwalten

Warten a project changelog following the Keep a Changelog format. This skill covers creating a new changelog, categorizing entries, managing the

[Unreleased]

NEWS.md

Wann verwenden

• Starting a new project that needs a changelog
• Adding entries nach completing features, fixes, or other changes
• Preparing a release by moving Unreleased entries to a versioned section
• Reviewing changelog completeness vor publishing
• Converting a free-form changelog to Keep a Changelog format

Eingaben

• Erforderlich: Project root directory
• Erforderlich: Description of changes to document (or git log to extract from)
• Optional: Target Versionsnummer (for release promotion)
• Optional: Release date (defaults to today)
• Optional: Changelog format preference (Keep a Changelog or R NEWS.md)

Vorgehensweise

Schritt 1: Lokalisieren or Erstellen Changelog

Suchen for an existing changelog in das Projekt root.

# Check for common changelog filenames
ls -1 CHANGELOG.md CHANGELOG NEWS.md CHANGES.md HISTORY.md 2>/dev/null

If no changelog exists, create one with the standard header:

# Changelog

All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.

The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/),
and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).

## [Unreleased]

For R packages, use

NEWS.md

# packagename (development version)

## New features

## Bug fixes

## Minor improvements and fixes

Erwartet: Changelog file located or created with proper header and an Unreleased section.

Bei Fehler: If a changelog exists in a non-standard format, nicht overwrite it. Instead, note the format difference and adapt entries to match the existing style.

Schritt 2: Parsen Existing Entries

Lesen the changelog and identify its structure:

1. Header/preamble (project name, format description)

2. [Unreleased]

   section with pending changes
3. Versioned sections in reverse chronological order (

   [1.2.0]

   vor

   [1.1.0]

   )
4. Comparison links at the bottom (optional)

Fuer jede section, identify the categories present:

• Added -- new features
• Changed -- changes in existing functionality
• Deprecated -- soon-to-be removed features
• Removed -- now removed features
• Fixed -- bug fixes
• Security -- Schwachstelle fixes

Erwartet: Changelog structure understood, existing entries inventoried.

Bei Fehler: If the changelog is malformed (missing sections, wrong order), note das Problems but nicht restructure ohne confirmation. Hinzufuegen new entries korrekt and flag structural issues for manual review.

Schritt 3: Categorize New Changes

Fuer jede change to be documented, classify it into one of the six categories:

- Add CSV export for summary reports

- Change default timeout from 30s to 60s

- Deprecate 

in favor of

- Remove legacy XML parser

- Fix off-by-one error in pagination

- Fix SQL injection in user search (CVE-2026-1234)

Entry writing guidelines:

• Starten each entry with a verb in imperative mood (Add, Change, Fix, Remove)
• Be specific enough that a user can understand the impact ohne reading code
• Reference issue numbers or CVEs where applicable
• Keep entries to one line; use sub-bullets only for complex changes

Erwartet: Each change assigned to exactly one category with a well-written entry.

Bei Fehler: If a change spans multiple categories (e.g., both adds a feature and fixes a bug), create separate entries in each relevant category. If the category is unclear, default to "Changed."

Schritt 4: Hinzufuegen Entries to Unreleased Section

Insert categorized entries under the

[Unreleased]

## [Unreleased]

### Added

- Add batch processing mode for large datasets
- Add `--dry-run` flag to preview changes without applying

### Fixed

- Fix memory leak when processing files over 1GB
- Fix incorrect timezone handling in date parsing

Only add categories that have entries; nicht include empty category headings.

Erwartet: New entries added under

[Unreleased]

Bei Fehler: If the Unreleased section nicht exist, create it sofort unter the header/preamble and ueber the first versioned section.

Schritt 5: Promote to Versioned Section on Release

When cutting a release, move all Unreleased entries to a new versioned section:

1. Erstellen a new section heading:

   ## [1.3.0] - 2026-02-17

2. Move all entries from

   [Unreleased]

   to the new section
3. Leave

   [Unreleased]

   empty (but keep the heading)
4. Aktualisieren comparison links at the bottom of die Datei

## [Unreleased]

## [1.3.0] - 2026-02-17

### Added

- Add batch processing mode for large datasets

### Fixed

- Fix memory leak when processing files over 1GB

## [1.2.0] - 2026-01-15

### Added

- Add CSV export for summary reports

Aktualisieren comparison links (if present at bottom):

[Unreleased]: https://github.com/user/repo/compare/v1.3.0...HEAD
[1.3.0]: https://github.com/user/repo/compare/v1.2.0...v1.3.0
[1.2.0]: https://github.com/user/repo/compare/v1.1.0...v1.2.0

For R

NEWS.md

# packagename 1.3.0

## New features

- Add batch processing mode for large datasets

## Bug fixes

- Fix memory leak when processing files over 1GB

# packagename 1.2.0
...

Erwartet: Unreleased entries moved to a dated versioned section; Unreleased section cleared; comparison links updated.

Bei Fehler: If die Version number conflicts with an existing section, die Version was already released. Check with

apply-semantic-versioning

Schritt 6: Validieren Changelog Format

Verifizieren the changelog meets format requirements:

1. Versions are in reverse chronological order (newest first)
2. Dates follow ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD)
3. Each versioned section has mindestens one categorized entry
4. No duplicate version sections
5. Comparison links (if present) match die Version sections

# Check for duplicate version sections
grep "^## \[" CHANGELOG.md | sort | uniq -d

# Verify date format
grep "^## \[" CHANGELOG.md | grep -v "Unreleased" | grep -vE "\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}"

Erwartet: Changelog passes all format checks with no warnings.

Bei Fehler: Beheben any format issues found: reorder sections, correct date formats, remove duplicates. Report issues that require human judgment (e.g., missing entries for known changes).

Validierung

• Changelog file exists with proper header referencing Keep a Changelog and SemVer

• [Unreleased]

  section exists at the top (unter header)
• All new entries are categorized into Added/Changed/Deprecated/Removed/Fixed/Security
• Entries start with imperative verb and describe user-facing impact
• Versioned sections are in reverse chronological order
• Dates use ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD)
• No duplicate version sections exist
• Comparison links (if used) are correct and up to date
• Empty categories sind nicht included (no heading ohne entries)

Haeufige Stolperfallen

• Internal-only entries: "Refactored database module" ist nicht useful to users. Fokussieren auf user-facing changes. Internal refactors go in commit messages, not changelogs.
• Vague entries: "Various bug fixes" tells der Benutzer nothing. Each fix sollte a specific, descriptive entry.
• Forgetting Unreleased: Adding entries directly to a versioned section stattdessen of Unreleased means changes are documented as already released when they sind nicht.
• Wrong category: "Fix" that actually adds a new feature. A fix restores expected behavior; a new capability is "Added" even if it was requested as a bug report.
• Missing Security entries: Security fixes should always be documented with CVE identifiers when available. Users need to know if they should upgrade urgently.
• Changelog drift: Not updating the changelog at the time of the change. Batch-writing entries vor release leads to missed or poorly described changes. Schreiben entries alongside code changes.

Verwandte Skills

• apply-semantic-versioning

  -- Bestimmen die Version number that pairs with changelog entries

• plan-release-cycle

  -- Definieren when changelog entries get promoted to versioned sections

• commit-changes

  -- Commit changelog updates with proper messages

• release-package-version

  -- R-specific release workflow einschliesslich NEWS.md updates

• create-github-release

  -- Use changelog content as GitHub release notes